MSP Rankings · Government Contractors · Virginia Beach, Virginia

Best MSPs for Government Contractors in Virginia Beach (2026)

Kate Larsen, IT Research Analyst · Last updated: June 23, 2026 · No paid placements
Endurance IT Services ranks #1 for Virginia Beach government contractors, earning the region’s only SOC 2 Type 2 certification alongside a dedicated CMMC and DFARS compliance practice. Ntegra IT ranks #2 as the only local Registered Provider Organization (RPO) serving the Hampton Roads defense corridor. Rankings use the itreviews.co Trust Score, a six-factor independent methodology. No provider paid for placement.

Quick Picks

  • Best Overall: Endurance IT Services — 7.5/10
  • Best for CMMC Compliance: Ntegra IT (RPO-certified, GCC High) — 7.4/10
  • Best for Longevity: 360IT Partners (31 years) — 6.8/10
  • Best National CMMC Specialist: C3 Integrated Solutions (Inc. 5000, dual-certified) — 6.0/10

Virginia Beach is one of the most defense-intensive metro areas in the country. Naval Air Station Oceana, Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek-Fort Story, and the broader Hampton Roads military complex collectively make this region one of the DoD’s largest operational footprints. The defense contractors supporting those installations face a specific IT problem: they need managed services from a provider that understands CMMC, knows what Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) means in practice, and won’t disappear when an audit comes around.

Most MSP ranking lists for this city don’t address that. They cover general business IT and list whoever has the most Google reviews. This list is different. We scored six providers specifically on their depth of government contractor experience, verified compliance credentials, and local physical presence — no provider paid for placement, and the highest Trust Score earns the top spot.

It’s the Virginia Beach companion to our national ranking of the best MSPs for government contractors and our broader list of the top MSPs in Virginia Beach across every industry. See how we scored every provider by reading how itreviews.co evaluates MSPs.


How We Ranked These Providers

Six factors, one consistent standard. The Trust Score runs from 0 to 10 and is built entirely from independent research. Every provider was scored on Review Score (35%), Industry Awards (20%), Years in Business (15%), Physical Presence (10%), Government Specialization (10%), and Service Breadth (10%). Data was collected independently. No provider paid for placement or submitted their own information.

Trust Score Factors — Government Contractor MSP Rankings (Virginia Beach)

35%
Review ScoreCombines verified Clutch ratings (which require real clients to complete phone-interview-style reviews), Google ratings, and Cloudtango ratings. Volume and rating are weighted separately so providers whose clients are large enough that they rarely leave public reviews aren’t unfairly penalized.
20%
Industry Awards & RecognitionIndependently published recognition only — Channel Futures MSP 501, CRN MSP 500, Cloudtango MSP Select, and regional business-journal honors. Self-described “award-winning” with no named award counts for nothing.
15%
Years in BusinessOperational maturity, using the most conservative verifiable founding date. DoD contracts run multi-year; compliance programs require institutional knowledge, not just certifications.
10%
Physical Presence in Virginia BeachVirginia Beach and immediate Hampton Roads-headquartered firms score highest. Physical presence signals on-site response capability for CMMC assessments, hardware inspection, and clearance-sensitive site access.
10%
Government SpecializationHow deeply a provider serves the defense industrial base specifically — named frameworks (CMMC, NIST 800-171, DFARS), RPO designation, GCC High capability, and verifiable contractor client history. Listing “government” as a served industry without proof doesn’t count.
10%
Service BreadthHelpdesk, cybersecurity, cloud, compliance advisory, and vCIO/vCISO under one contract scores higher than a narrow point service.

We don’t score on self-reported data. Every factor is verified through third-party sources: Google Maps, Clutch, Cloudtango, BBB, and industry award databases. Read the full methodology →

Government Specialization was weighted at 10%, but it carries particular importance for this vertical: a generic MSP with no CMMC documentation, no compliance case studies, and no RPO status is genuinely the wrong choice for a DoD subcontractor, regardless of their Google rating. For this list specifically, that factor leaned heavily on documented CMMC, DFARS, and NIST 800-171 capabilities — not general cybersecurity marketing language.


Virginia Beach Government Contractor MSP Comparison at a Glance

ProviderTrust ScoreBest ForKey StrengthLocationNotable Limitation
Endurance IT Services7.5/10Mid-sized contractors needing audit-ready ITSOC 2 Type 2 (only regional MSP), Cloudtango MSP Select 2026Virginia Beach, VASmaller review count on Clutch than size suggests
Ntegra IT7.4/10DIB contractors requiring RPO-backed CMMCOnly local RPO, GCC High, 4.8 Google ratingVirginia Beach, VASmall team (2–9 employees) may limit scale
360IT Partners6.8/10Contractors wanting 30+ years of local accountability41 Google reviews, V3-certified, Kitco case studyVirginia Beach, VAFewer tier-1 industry awards than score leaders
Eastern Data6.1/10Contractors prioritizing longevity + RPO complianceRPO-certified, 40 years, two Virginia Beach officesVirginia Beach, VALimited public review data weakens score
C3 Integrated Solutions6.0/10Contractors needing CMMC Level 2 certificationInc. 5000, dual CMMC Level 2 (MSP + MSSP)Arlington, VANo confirmed Virginia Beach office; physical presence penalty applied
Computer Networks, Inc.5.3/10SMB contractors needing reliable local IT25+ years, dedicated government contractor IT pageVirginia Beach, VANo confirmed third-party industry awards

The Top 6 MSPs for Government Contractors in Virginia Beach

1
The Only SOC 2 Type 2 Certified MSP in Hampton Roads
7.5
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)5.6
Awards (20%)7.0
Years in Business (15%)8.0
Physical Presence (10%)10.0
Government Specialization (10%)10.0
Service Breadth (10%)9.0
Endurance IT Services managed IT Virginia Beach government contractors homepage

Endurance IT Services holds a credential that no other managed IT provider in the Hampton Roads region can claim: SOC 2 Type 2 certification. For a defense contractor managing CUI under CMMC requirements, that’s not just a nice-to-have. It tells you the vendor managing your network has passed an independent security audit, that their controls work, and that they do it consistently — not just on inspection day.

Key Strengths

  • SOC 2 Type 2 certified, independently audited and confirmed — the only MSP in the region with this designation, which directly supports contractors’ vendor risk management requirements.
  • Named Cloudtango MSP Select USA 2026, a Tier 1 IT-industry recognition based on business growth and customer satisfaction.
  • Explicit government contractor practice with a dedicated CMMC and DFARS compliance page, government contractor case studies from Virginia Beach and Newport News clients, and documented compliance methodology.
  • 50+ staff and 500+ managed companies across the Hampton Roads area, with 17+ years of continuous operation since founder Blake White launched the firm in 2008.
  • A 98% staff retention rate is a real operational signal for contractors who can’t afford to restart onboarding every year when a technician quits.

Limitations

  • Clutch profile exists but review count is lower than their market size and tenure would suggest; larger enterprise contractors relying heavily on Clutch for vendor due diligence will find less verification material there than with some national players.
  • CMMC compliance support is documented but RPO status was not confirmed in research; contractors requiring a verified Registered Provider Organization should verify this designation directly before engaging.
  • Best suited for SMB to mid-market contractors; very large prime contractors with cleared facilities may find their FSO (Facility Security Officer) and classified environment support thinner than a purpose-built defense IT firm.

Best For

Mid-sized Virginia Beach defense contractors needing audit-ready managed IT with a verifiable security posture and genuine CMMC/DFARS compliance support under one roof.

Not Ideal For

Prime contractors requiring classified environment management or FSO services alongside day-to-day managed IT.

Services

Managed ITCybersecurityCMMC & DFARS ComplianceCloud ServicesBackup & DRNetwork Infrastructure24/7 Help DeskStrategic IT Planning

Industries

Government ContractingLegalHealthcareAccountingConstructionReal Estate

Why They Rank #1

SOC 2 Type 2 is the differentiating credential here. Other providers document compliance support. Endurance has been through the independent audit. For a defense contractor evaluating whether their MSP actually practices what they preach about security, that verification matters more than self-reported capabilities. Add the Cloudtango MSP Select 2026 recognition, 17 years of continuous operation from a Virginia Beach HQ, and government contractor testimonials that name specific outcomes, and you’ve got the highest Trust Score on this list.

2
The Only Local Registered Provider Organization Serving Hampton Roads
7.4
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)7.1
Awards (20%)5.0
Years in Business (15%)9.0
Physical Presence (10%)9.0
Government Specialization (10%)9.0
Service Breadth (10%)8.0
Ntegra IT CMMC compliance Virginia Beach managed services homepage

When the CMMC Accreditation Body publishes its RPO list, Ntegra IT is the only provider on it with a Virginia Beach address and a two-decade track record in the Hampton Roads defense corridor.

Key Strengths

  • Registered Provider Organization (RPO) status confirmed with certified Registered Practitioner (RP) and Registered Practitioner Advanced (RPA) staff — a meaningful credential distinction in a market where many providers describe themselves as CMMC-ready without formal designation.
  • GCC High capability for contractors requiring Microsoft’s DoD-compliant cloud environment, a hard technical requirement for many Level 2 contractors.
  • A 4.8/5 Google rating from 18 verified reviews, including a named review from the owner of Tamayo Federal Solutions LLC describing Ntegra’s direct CMMC Level 2 compliance support.
  • Founded in 2005, giving them 21 years of continuous operation in Virginia Beach; the firm’s founders were explicit that changing how small-business IT support worked was the original mission.
  • A Microsoft-first strategy means contractors already invested in Microsoft 365 and Azure get depth, not just breadth, from this provider.

Limitations

  • Two-to-nine employee count confirmed on Clutch; for DoD contractors with 50+ users or complex multi-site environments, staffing depth may be a concern.
  • Clutch profile is listed as unclaimed with a 5.0 rating but limited verified review count; the public verification layer is thinner than their Google presence suggests.
  • Not the right pick for contractors who’ve already built a non-Microsoft environment and want to stay there; the Microsoft-first approach is a strength for some clients and an obstacle for others.

Best For

Small-to-mid-size DIB contractors in Virginia Beach who need a locally based RPO with GCC High capability and genuine CMMC Level 2 pathway support.

Not Ideal For

Contractors with 75+ users who need a large support team, or those already locked into non-Microsoft cloud environments.

Why They Rank #2

RPO status is verifiable. It’s documented. It means Ntegra has been recognized by the CMMC Accreditation Body, identified in early 2026 as the only such designation serving the Hampton Roads maritime defense corridor specifically. The federal contracting client review naming CMMC Level 2 support directly is the kind of evidence that separates documented capability from marketing language.

3
30 Years in Virginia Beach, a Documented CMMC Roadmap, and a Named Defense Contractor Case Study
6.8
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)5.0
Awards (20%)5.0
Years in Business (15%)10.0
Physical Presence (10%)9.0
Government Specialization (10%)8.0
Service Breadth (10%)8.0
360IT Partners Virginia Beach managed IT services homepage

Founded in 1995 under the name TOMAR Computer Integration, 360IT Partners has been managing IT for Virginia Beach businesses longer than some of their clients’ employees have been alive.

Key Strengths

  • 31 years of continuous operation in Virginia Beach, giving them a relationship network across the Hampton Roads business community that newer providers simply can’t replicate.
  • Documented GRC Shield methodology with a published 3-phase CMMC compliance roadmap, backed by a named case study from Kitco Fiber Optics — a defense contractor who credits 360IT explicitly with helping them achieve and maintain DFARS compliance.
  • Virginia Values Veterans (V3) certified, which signals active alignment with the defense contractor community beyond just IT service delivery.
  • A 4.5/5 Google rating from 41 verified reviews — the largest confirmed review volume on this list — with a 4.3/5 aggregate from a separate aggregator across the same base.
  • 50 full-time employees supporting the full Hampton Roads region; a larger team than most independent Virginia Beach MSPs.

Limitations

  • No confirmed Tier 1 MSP industry award (Channel Futures MSP 501, CRN MSP 500) found in research; their strongest third-party recognition is the Virginia Chamber Fantastic 50 from 2016.
  • CMMC GRC Shield is documented, but RPO status is not confirmed; contractors requiring a formally designated provider should verify before signing.
  • Lower specialty scores than providers #1 and #2 for contractors who need documented RPA-level compliance expertise on staff.

Best For

Virginia Beach defense contractors who want a large local team with a proven CMMC methodology and the longest regional track record available.

Not Ideal For

Contractors who need a formally RPO-designated provider or require GCC High cloud migration support specifically.

Why They Rank #3

Three decades in the same market, a named defense contractor compliance case study, and 41 verifiable Google reviews form a credibility foundation that earns this position. The CMMC methodology is documented and defensible. The V3 certification signals they’ve made a genuine commitment to the veteran and defense community beyond marketing copy.

4
Eastern Data
40 Years, Two Virginia Beach Offices, and Registered Provider Organization Status
6.1
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)4.0
Awards (20%)3.0
Years in Business (15%)10.0
Physical Presence (10%)9.0
Government Specialization (10%)9.0
Service Breadth (10%)8.0
Eastern Data managed IT services Virginia Beach homepage

Eastern Data was founded in Virginia Beach in 1986. That’s 40 years of continuous operation, one of the longest tenures of any MSP on this list, and they’re still growing — having expanded to a second Virginia Beach headquarters at 2569 Horse Pasture Road with 15,000 square feet to accommodate it.

Key Strengths

  • Registered Provider Organization (RPO) certified by the CMMC Accreditation Body, with experience helping clients through NIST 800-171, DFARS 252.204-7019 and 7010, and the C3PAO assessment process.
  • 40+ years of operation from a Virginia Beach HQ — genuine market longevity that matters for contractors building long-term IT partnerships.
  • Two confirmed Virginia Beach office locations plus a Richmond office, with 50+ staff; local coverage for the full Hampton Roads region.
  • A flat-rate, all-inclusive managed IT model gives contractors predictable costs without per-ticket surprises during compliance-heavy months.

Limitations

  • No confirmed numeric Google or Clutch rating found in research; the absence of a strong public review profile weakens the Review Score factor significantly and makes third-party due diligence harder for buyers.
  • No confirmed Tier 1 or Tier 2 industry award found; RPO is a compliance designation, not a business recognition award.
  • Strongest documented client verticals are healthcare, nonprofit, construction, and legal; government contractor content exists but is less prominent than with providers ranked above.

Best For

Virginia Beach defense contractors who want an RPO-designated provider with 40 years of market presence and a fully local team for on-site compliance support.

Not Ideal For

Buyers who rely on public review platforms for vendor due diligence and need a deep public review record to satisfy internal procurement requirements.

Why They Rank #4

RPO status and four decades of local presence are strong. The score drops relative to the top three primarily because of the limited verified public review data. That’s a scoring reality, not a comment on service quality. For contractors who can run a reference check or attend a local business event where Eastern Data has a multi-decade reputation, the proof of work is there.

5
C3 Integrated Solutions
Inc. 5000, CMMC Level 2 Dual-Certified, No Virginia Beach Office
6.0
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)4.0
Awards (20%)8.0
Years in Business (15%)6.0
Physical Presence (10%)2.0
Government Specialization (10%)10.0
Service Breadth (10%)9.0
C3 Integrated Solutions CMMC compliance Virginia Beach homepage

C3 Integrated Solutions made CMMC history in 2025 by becoming one of the first MSPs in the country to achieve CMMC Level 2 certification for both MSP and MSSP operations simultaneously. Their Inc. 5000 appearances and their acquisition of Ingalls and Steel Root have turned them into one of the most credentialed CMMC specialists nationally.

Key Strengths

  • CMMC Level 2 certified for both MSP and MSSP scopes — rare, and directly relevant for contractors who need both managed IT and security operations under one provider.
  • Inc. 5000 recognition confirms significant business growth and organizational scale.
  • C3 Command and C3 Catalyst compliance products were purpose-built for CMMC Level 2, with a published 12–18 month implementation timeline and documented methodology.
  • GCC High capability with early GCC High partner status; national delivery capability for contractors with distributed teams.

Limitations

  • No confirmed Virginia Beach office; HQ is Arlington, VA. C3 has a dedicated CMMC Virginia Beach landing page, but that’s SEO targeting, not physical presence. The Physical Presence score reflects this with a penalty (2/10 on that factor).
  • For contractors who require on-site support during audits, hardware deployments, or cleared facility configurations, C3’s lack of local engineers is a real operational constraint.
  • National scale means you may not get the same named-technician continuity that smaller local providers offer.

Best For

Virginia Beach defense contractors who can accept remote-primary support in exchange for CMMC Level 2 dual certification and the deepest national compliance credential in the region.

Not Ideal For

Contractors who need on-site engineers within hours, or who strongly prefer working with a provider whose staff is actually based in Hampton Roads.

Why They Rank #5

The compliance credentials are exceptional. The physical presence score is not. That’s the accurate summary. Buyers who weigh CMMC certification above geography will find C3 the most credentialed option on this list. Buyers who need local hands during an assessment will find the limitations real.

6
Computer Networks, Inc. (CNI)
25 Years of Hampton Roads IT With a Dedicated Government Contractor Practice
5.3
out of 10
Trust Score

Score Breakdown

Reviews (35%)3.7
Awards (20%)2.0
Years in Business (15%)9.0
Physical Presence (10%)9.0
Government Specialization (10%)7.0
Service Breadth (10%)6.0
Computer Networks Inc managed IT Hampton Roads government contractors homepage

Computer Networks, Inc. has been supporting Virginia Beach businesses from their Euclid Road office for more than two decades. Their government contractor IT page is one of the most detailed on this list, covering CMMC alignment, CUI protection, NIST SP 800-171 controls, and secure remote connectivity documentation specifically for Hampton Roads contractors.

Key Strengths

  • Dedicated government contractor IT page with documented CMMC alignment, CUI handling guidance, and specific references to the Hampton Roads federal contractor community.
  • 25+ years of continuous operation from a confirmed Virginia Beach HQ, with local engineers covering the full Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Suffolk service area.
  • Named client testimonials from Virginia Beach and Hampton Roads organizations across healthcare, legal, and engineering sectors.
  • A co-managed IT option is available for contractors with internal IT staff who need compliance support without fully outsourcing.

Limitations

  • No confirmed Tier 1 or Tier 2 industry awards found in research; limited third-party recognition outside local business directory appearances.
  • Public review data (Google rating and count) not confirmed in research; this limits the Trust Score on the Reviews factor.
  • CMMC depth is documented at the framework level; no published RPO status or named compliance case studies found.

Best For

Small Virginia Beach defense contractors and engineering firms who want a reliable local MSP with documented CMMC framework knowledge and genuine on-site availability.

Not Ideal For

Contractors who need a formally RPO-designated provider for their CMMC self-attestation or third-party assessment documentation.

Why They Rank #6

CNI does the work consistently and locally. The score reflects a genuine gap in public third-party recognition rather than a gap in capability. If they build a stronger Clutch profile and document case studies from their government contractor clients, this score moves.


How to Choose a Government Contractor MSP in Virginia Beach

Start with CMMC status — not what they claim, what they’ve documented. Virginia Beach defense contractors operating in the DoD supply chain almost always need CMMC Level 2 compliance if their contracts reference DFARS 7012, NIST 800-171, or CUI handling. That means your MSP needs to understand what CUI is, how to handle it technically, and what your System Security Plan (SSP) needs to say. Providers who claim CMMC experience without RPO status, documented case studies, or named compliance staff should be questioned.

Physical presence for audit readiness. Government contractor IT isn’t just remote monitoring. During a CMMC assessment, hardware configurations get inspected and network diagrams get reviewed. Your MSP needs to be able to send a technician to your facility, not file a ticket. Every provider in the top four on this list has a confirmed Virginia Beach or immediate Hampton Roads office. That matters.

Match the provider to your scale. Small contractors (5–25 users) have different needs than a 200-person prime. Ntegra IT is the right choice for a small DIB firm that wants RPO-level CMMC support and can work with a boutique provider. Endurance IT is better sized for mid-market contractors who need 50+ staff backing their environment. C3 is the right call if CMMC Level 2 dual certification and Microsoft GCC High are the non-negotiable requirements and remote delivery is acceptable.

Budget realistically. Most Virginia Beach MSPs serving government contractors charge $125–$175 per user per month for full managed IT with compliance support, consistent with Clutch’s reported range for the region. Compliance add-ons for CMMC gap assessments, SSP documentation, and POA&M management typically run separately. Ask for a scoped quote, not a flat rate, because your CUI footprint changes what the compliance work actually costs.

Verify tenure. A provider with three years of experience calling themselves CMMC experts is a different risk than a 20-year regional firm that has been through multiple DFARS cycles. The defense contractor IT market has seen a lot of overnight specialists emerge since CMMC enforcement began in earnest. Longevity isn’t everything, but it’s a real signal.

Whichever provider you shortlist, ask them to walk you through a Shared Responsibility Matrix and show you a prior CMMC or DFARS engagement. You can also browse every IT provider in Virginia Beach to compare Trust Scores across the full market.


The Bottom Line

Endurance IT Services is the strongest overall choice for Virginia Beach government contractors, earning the region’s only SOC 2 Type 2 certification and a documented CMMC and DFARS compliance practice with named client outcomes. Ntegra IT is the right pick for contractors who specifically need an RPO-designated provider for their CMMC Level 2 pathway and want a local team with GCC High capability.

For contractors who’ve been in the Hampton Roads market for a while, 360IT Partners’ 31-year track record and named defense contractor case study carry real weight. Eastern Data offers a similar longevity story with RPO status, while C3 Integrated Solutions is the call when CMMC Level 2 dual certification outweighs the need for a local office.

No provider paid for placement. Browse all IT providers in Virginia Beach to compare scores across the full market, or read our national guide to the best MSPs for government contractors.

Government Contractor MSPs (national) →

Trust Score Breakdown

Full sub-scores for all six factors across every provider on this list. Factor weights: Reviews 35%, Awards 20%, Years 15%, Physical Presence 10%, Government Specialization 10%, Service Breadth 10%.

ProviderReviews
35%
Awards
20%
Years
15%
Presence
10%
Gov. Spec.
10%
Breadth
10%
Score
Endurance IT Services5.67.08.010.010.09.07.5/10
Ntegra IT7.15.09.09.09.08.07.4/10
360IT Partners5.05.010.09.08.08.06.8/10
Eastern Data4.03.010.09.09.08.06.1/10
C3 Integrated Solutions4.08.06.02.010.09.06.0/10
Computer Networks, Inc.3.72.09.09.07.06.05.3/10

Sub-scores are shown on a 0–10 scale; the Trust Score is the weighted sum of all six factors. Review data was collected from Google, Clutch, and Cloudtango during the research period.


What Virginia Beach Contractors Actually Ask

What you need is an MSP that can technically implement the 110 NIST SP 800-171 controls, help you document them in a System Security Plan, and prepare you for a C3PAO assessment. RPO status from the CMMC Accreditation Body is the closest public credential to “this provider has been vetted.” You don’t legally have to hire an RPO, but it’s the fastest way to verify that your MSP actually knows what they’re doing versus what they’re saying.
Most DoD subcontractors handling Controlled Unclassified Information need Level 2 — the tier covering NIST SP 800-171 and its 110 practices. Level 1 covers basic safeguarding of Federal Contract Information (FCI) with 17 practices and is required for basically any federal contractor. If your contracts reference DFARS 7012 or mention CUI, you’re almost certainly in Level 2 territory. Level 3 is rare and covers contractors working with especially sensitive programs.
12 to 18 months is the realistic window for a company starting from scratch, which aligns with what C3 Integrated Solutions publishes on their Virginia Beach CMMC page. Companies that already have reasonable IT hygiene, some NIST 800-171 controls in place, and a willing internal IT contact can move faster. Companies that have never documented anything move slower. If an MSP is promising you CMMC Level 2 certification in 60 days, that’s worth scrutinizing.
Not legally. But practically, for DoD contractors who have cleared facility requirements, classified environment configurations, or CUI systems that can’t be remotely touched without documentation, local presence matters. Physical presence was weighted at 10% in our scoring because it’s not the only factor, but it’s a real one. C3 Integrated Solutions ranked #5 partly because they’re exceptional at CMMC and partly because they don’t have a Virginia Beach office.
Most providers in this market price fully managed IT at $125–$175 per user per month, consistent with regional Clutch data for Virginia Beach MSPs. CMMC gap assessments, SSP documentation, and ongoing compliance management layer on top of that. A 25-person contractor might budget $5,000–$7,000 per month for managed IT with compliance support before project work. Get scoped quotes, because CUI footprint, number of endpoints, and existing infrastructure all change the number.